
Queensland walnut (Endiandra palmerstonii)
Family: Lauraceae
Common names: Australian black walnut, Australian endiandra, Australian laurel, Australian walnut, Black mahogany, Black walnut, Medang walnut, Oriental wood, Orientalwood, Queensland laurel, Queensland walnut, Queenwood, Walnut bean
Distributed in: Australia (Oceania and S.E. Asia)
Distribution overview: Confined to Northern Queensland (Australia), chiefly in the coastal districts. Thrives in heavy rain fall areas and is one of the most common trees in Queensland
Common uses: Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Construction, Door, Flooring, Furniture, Insulating boards, Interior construction, Joinery, Millwork, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Paneling , Paneling, Plywood, Tables, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative
Product sources: Queensland walnut is rather scarce on the American market, and is usually priced in the costly range, when available.
Environment profile: Vulnerable
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 250-300 cm
Colors: the heart isPurple, Redand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureUniformand the lusterSlightly lustrous
Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Susceptible to pinhole borer
Odor: No characteristic taste
Silica Content: Siliceous
Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rather slow
Kiln Drying Rate: Very slow (>28 days for boards < 32 mm, to >84 days for boards >= 63 mm)
Drying Defects: Slight collapse and honeycomb, Slight twist/warp
Ease of Drying: Variable
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good
Blunting Effect: Moderate
Boring: Fairly easy to very easy
Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Cutting Resistance: Specially-tipped cutters recommended
Gluing: Very Good to Excellent Results
Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Nailing: Satisfactory nailing properties, Very Good to Excellent
Planing: Planes to a smooth surface
Resistance to Impregnation: Very difficult to treat
Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities
Routing recessing: Very Good to Excellent Results
Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results
Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, Suitable for slicing
Steam bending: Poor to Very Poor Results
Screwing: Good screw holding properties, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results
Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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 |
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| Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
| Specific Gravity |
0,51 |
|
|
| Density |
|
673 |
kg/m3 |
| Bending Strength |
654 |
1024 |
kg/cm2 |
| Crushing Strength |
485 |
699 |
kg/cm2 |
| Hardness |
|
752 |
kg |
| Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
| Shearing Strength |
|
155 |
kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness |
100 |
116 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
| Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
| Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
|
% |
| Weight |
657 |
528 |
kg/m3 |
| Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
| Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
| Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | | Item | Green | Dry | English | | Bending Strength | 9310 | 14566 | psi | | Density | | 42 | lbs/ft3 | | Hardness | | 1658 | lbs | | Maximum Crushing Strength | 6899 | 9945 | psi | | Shearing Strength | | 2205 | psi | | Stiffness | 1435 | 1656 | 1000 psi | | Specific Gravity | 0.51 | | | | Weight | 41 | 33 | lbs/ft3 | | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | | Tangential Shrinkage | 8 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Hardness (side grain) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium High in density Heavy
High insulation properties which are 50 times greater than most woods
Audas, J.W.,Native Trees of Australia,Whitcombe & Tombs PTY. LtdBoas, I.H.,1947,The Commercial Timbers of Australia - Their Properties and Uses,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, MelbourneBrown, W.H.,1969,Properties and uses of Tropical hardwoods in the United Kingdom. Part 1,Nonstructural properties and uses.,Conference on Tropical hardwoods SC-5/TN-5, Syracuse UniversityBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Clifford, N.,1953,Commercial Hardwoods - Their Characteristics Identification and,Utilization,Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. LondonClifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonConstantine Jr., H. 1975. Know Your Woods - A Complete Guide to Trees, Woods, and Veneers. Revised by H.J. Hobbs. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Cox, H.A.,1939,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes RisboroughFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products ResearchForests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentFrancis, W.D.,1951,Australian Rain-forest Trees,Commonwealth of Australia - Forestry and Timber BureauGay, F.J., Et al,1955,Standard laboratory colonies of termites for evaluating the resistance of,timber, timber preservatives and other materials to termite attack.,C.S.I.R.O., Australia Bulletin,No.277Harrar, E.S.,1942,Some Physical Properties of Modern Cabinet Woods 3. Directional and Volume,Shrinkage,Tropical Woods,9(71, pp26-32HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKeating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Kingston, R.S.T., Risdon, C.J.E.,1961,Shrinkage and Density of Australian and other South-West Pacific Woods,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper No.13Kline, M. 1987. Endiandra palmerstoni - Queensland walnut. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World, Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. Page 151-152.Kribbs, D.A. 1959. Commercial Foreign Woods on the American Market. Buckhout Lab., Dept. of Botany, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryKukachka, B.F.,1970,Properties of Imported Tropical Woods,Forest Research Paper FPL 125Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonReyes, L.J.,1938,Philippine Woods,Commonwealth of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Commerce,Technical Bulletin,No.7The Australian Timber Journal & Building Products, Merchandiser,1969,Timber Durability and Preservation,Supplement to Australian Timber Journal 35(4) Tech. Timb. Guide No.8Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd editionWallis, N.K. 1956. Australian Timber Handbook. Sponsored by The Timber Development Association of Australia. Angus & Robertson, Ltd., 89 Castlereagh Street, Sydney, Australia.
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