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Akakarie
Akakarie (Eschweilera subglandulosa)

Family: Lecythidaceae

Common names: Akakarie, Aquatapana, Baakalaka, Barklak, Barkraki, Black kakaralli, Black karalli, Guatecare, Kakaralli, Kakaralli wadilikoro, Kwaterie, Kwattere, Majaguillo, Manbarklak, Manbarkraki, Mekoekoeware, Mutunata, Tamoenin kwatere, Tapirin kwatere, Tapoeloe kwaterli, Tekarajan kwatere, Toepoeroe kwatere, Toledo wood, Totioto, Wadilie kakaralie, Wadodorie, Wadoedoeli, Watercare

Distributed in: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago (Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Bridge construction, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Piling, Posts, Railroad ties

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWell defined, White to yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterSlightly lustrous

Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable

Silica Content: Severe

LightInduced Color Change: Darker

Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast

Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Slight twist/warp

Ease of Drying: Moderate

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is severe

Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult

Gluing: Difficult to glue

Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is highly resistant

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work



  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 849 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1273 1825 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2
Hardness 1333 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 174 kg/cm2
Stiffness 174 203 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 833 801 kg/m3
Maximum Load 1,19 1,47 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 18107 25966 psi
Density 53 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2940 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi
Shearing Strength 2479 psi
Stiffness 2486 2896 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 17 21 inch-lbs/in3
Weight 52 50 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %

Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu.ft 0
Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu. ft 1
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high 0
Max. crushing strength = high 0
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high
Max. crushing strength = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Bending strength (MOR) = medium

Amos, G.L.,1951,Some siliceous timbers of British Guiana,Caribbean Forester (3; 4) 133-7, 139-40.Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBrooks, R.L., et al,1941,Durability tests on Untreated Timbers in Trinidad,Caribbean Forester,2(3,pp101-119Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesErfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1Gerry, E. and Kryn, J.M.,1954,Manbarklak Eschweilera longipes (Poit.) Miers, Eschweilera subglandulosa,(Steud.) Miers.,Foreign Woods Information Leaflet, Forest Products Laboratory, Forest,Service, U.S. Department of AgricultureHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Longwood, F.R.,1961,Puerto Rican Woods - Their Machining Seasoning and Related Characteristics,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.205Longwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207Marshall, R.C.,1934,Trees of Trinidad and Tobago,Government Printer Port of Spain TrinidadMarshall, R.C.,1939,Silviculture of the trees of Trinidad and Tobago - British West Indies,O.U.P.,LondonRecord, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressTakahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Vink, A.T.,1965,Surinam Timbers,Surinam Forest Service Paramaribo,3rd rev. ed.Wangaard, F.F., et al,1954,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 4,Tropical Woods,14(99, pp1-187
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