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Australian hickory
Australian hickory (Eucalyptus maculata)

Family: Myrtaceae

Common names: Australian hickory, Macula, Maculata, Maculata gum, Mottled bark gum, Spotted gum, Spotted iron gum

Distributed in: Australia (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Baseball bats, Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Boat building: planking, Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Broom handles, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Charcoal, Cooperages, Decks, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Mine timbers, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative, Wharf construction, Wheel spokes, Wheels

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm

Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureMedium to coarseand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable

Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3

Kiln Drying Rate: Fairly rapid (11-17 days for boards under 32 mm, to 31-51 days for boards greater than 63 mm)

Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Moderate gluing properties

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is resistant

Response to hand tools: Very difficult to work with hand tools

Routing recessing: Poor to Very Poor Results

Sanding: Fair to Good Results

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Steam bending: Tends to Degrade

Screwing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Pre-boring recommended; Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Painting: Good; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 881 kg/m3
Bending Strength 879 1361 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2
Hardness 991 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 154 kg/cm2
Stiffness 146 168 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 865 721 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 12510 19358 psi
Density 55 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2185 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi
Shearing Strength 2204 psi
Stiffness 2083 2399 1000 psi
Weight 54 45 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %

Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Density (dry weight) = 61< 0
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 0
Max. crushing strength = high 1
Hardness (side grain) = Hard 1
Bending strength (MOR) = high 0
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate

Audas, J.W.,Native Trees of Australia,Whitcombe & Tombs PTY. LtdAustralia - N.S.W. Forestry Commission,1988,Furniture Timbers of New South Wales,Forest Commission, N.S.W., Aust. Tech. Publication No.1Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBoas, I.H.,1947,The Commercial Timbers of Australia - Their Properties and Uses,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, MelbourneBolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25Bolza, E.,1976,Timber and Health,Div. Building Res. C.S.I.R.O. AustraliaBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForestry Commission of New South Wales,1987,Timbers used in New South Wales for Domestic Buildings,Forestry Commission of New South Wales, Technical Publication No.6Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Queensland Department of Forestry,1987,Timber Species - Spotted Gum (Eucalyptus maculata, E. citriodora, E.,henryi,Queensland Deparment of Forestry, Timber Utilisation Branch, Timber,Species No. 14Rendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonScott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36South African Lumber Millers Assoc.,1969,Notes on some Commercially Available Hardwoods,S.A.L.M.A. Timber Info. Centre Timber Technical Guide,No.1Stewart, A.M., Kloot, N.H.,1957,Mechanical Properties of Timbers,C.S.I.R.O., Australia Bulletin,No.279Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Timber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA]
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