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Australian silky oak
Australian silky oak (Eucalyptus robusta)

Family: Myrtaceae

Common names: Australian silky oak, Australian swamp mahogany, Beakpod eucalyptus, Brown gum, East African silky oak, Eucalipto, Grevillea, Lacewood, Robusta eucalyptus, Robusta gum, Swamp gum, Swamp mahogany, Swamp mesmate, Swamp messmate

Distributed in: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Hawaii [US], Madagascar, Puerto Rico [US], South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire (Africa, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Native to a narrow coastal area in southeastern Australia. The species is widely adaptable and has been introduced into many tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate climates including Puerto Rico, southern Florida, coastal California, and Hawaii. It is naturalized only in southern Florida and Hawaii. Commonly called swamp-mahogany in Australia, it is usually called robusta eucalyptus in the United States, and beakpod eucalyptus in Puerto Rico. Robusta eucalyptus is native along the Australian coast of New South Wales and southeast Queensland. It is found mainly in swamps and on the edges of coastal lagoons and rivers where it is subject to periodic flooding

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Charcoal, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Food containers, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Mine timbers, Musical instruments: percussion, Paneling, Particleboard, Piling, Plywood, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Railroad ties, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, agricultural implements

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isWhite, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodDifferent than heartwood, White to yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureUniformand the lusterLow

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera)

Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Variable results.

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is moderate

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Easy to glue

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Resistance to Splitting: Excellent

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Sanding: Fair to Good Results

Veneering qualities: Suitable for slicing, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits

Steam bending: Poor

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results

Painting: Satisfactory; Polishing: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 817 kg/m3
Bending Strength 693 1083 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 401 601 kg/cm2
Hardness 526 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 137 kg/cm2
Stiffness 123 142 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 801 641 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,49 0,63 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 9863 15406 psi
Density 51 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1160 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 5710 8560 psi
Shearing Strength 1954 psi
Stiffness 1750 2020 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 7 9 inch-lbs/in3
Weight 50 40 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %

Bending strength (MOR) = medium 0
Max. crushing strength = high
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Max. crushing strength = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Density (dry weight) = 53-60
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Hardness (side grain) = medium

Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25Gerhards, C.C.,1963,Some Strength and Related Properties of Green Wood of Hawaiian Eucalyptus,saligna,Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Service, U.S. Department of,Agriculture, Research Note No. FPL-09I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKeating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Longwood, F.R.,1961,Puerto Rican Woods - Their Machining Seasoning and Related Characteristics,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.205Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Skolmen, R.G.,1963,Robusta Eucalyptus Wood: Its Properties and Uses,US. Forest Service Research Paper, No. PSW-9, Pacific Southwest Forest,Range Experimental StationSkolmen, R.G.,1974,Some woods of Hawaii, properties and uses of 16 commercial species,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest,and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report PSW_8Smith, H.H.,1960,Wood quality studies to guide Hawaiian forest industries,Pacific South-West Forest & Range Exp. Station, Berkeley, California.,Misc. Pap. 48Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7
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