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Alerce
Alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides)

Family: Cupressaceae

Common names: Alerce, Alerzcholz, Fitzroy cypress, Lahuan, Patagonian cypress

Distributed in: Argentina, Chile (Latin America)

Distribution overview: The species occurs in the central region of Chile and in the Province of Chubut in southern Argentina. It grows primarily on marshy sites, and may also be found at higher elevations on Isla de Chiloe and in Patagonia. It form dense and nearly pure stands

Common uses: Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: masts, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Cigar boxes, Construction, Cooperages, Flooring, Food containers, Fuelwood, Furniture components, Furniture, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Light construction, Mathematical instruments, Mine timbers, Musical instruments , Musical instruments, Particleboard, Pencil, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Shakes, Shingles, Sporting Goods, Toys, Vats

Product sources: Alerce timber of large sizes and of good quality are still available from existing supplies of large, old trees. The International Tropical Timbers Organization reports that only small quantities of Alerce are marketed because of the low number of trees remaining in the forest

Environment profile: Decreasing in numbers

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWell defined, White-Yellow .The grain isWeak figure, the textureUniformand the lusterLow

Natural durability: Resistant to termites, Very durable

Odor: No specific smell or taste

LightInduced Color Change: Darker

Drying Defects: Slight end splitting, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Very little or no degade

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is slight

Boring: Easy

Cutting Resistance: Low resistance to cutting

Gluing: Good gluing properties

Mortising: Finishes well

Moulding: Good finishing

Movement in Service: Good finishing

Planing: Responds well to ordinary tools in planing and almost all machining operations

Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Easy to work with hand tools except when interlocked grain is present

Routing recessing: Routing yields good results

Turning: Good results

Painting: Good; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Takes stains well ; Varnishing: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,37
Density 464 kg/m3
Bending Strength 418 630 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 185 339 kg/cm2
Hardness 200 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 81 kg/cm2
Stiffness 69 83 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 432 384 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,35 0,49 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 5951 8965 psi
Density 29 lbs/ft3
Hardness 442 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 2636 4826 psi
Shearing Strength 1153 psi
Stiffness 989 1191 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 5 7 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.37
Weight 27 24 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 9 %

Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Bending strength (MOR) = low 1
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Max. crushing strength = low
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft.
Work to Maximum Load = very low
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Surfaces may dent easily
Soft
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Moderate density
Max. crushing strength (stiffness) = very low
Does not wear well and mars easily
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = low
Bending strength (MOR) = very low
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Bending strength in the air-dried condition (about 12% moisture content) is medium, but lower than Mahogany, and much lower than White oak. It is weaker than Mahogany or Teak

Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Clifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonDallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. LondonForest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSOGerry, E.,1954,Information Leaflet - Alerce (Fitzroya cupressiodes,USDA, Forest Service, FPRL Information Leaflets - Foreign WoodsHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Kloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Kribbs, D.A. 1959. Commercial Foreign Woods on the American Market. Buckhout Lab., Dept. of Botany, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryKukachka, B.F.,1962,Characters of Some Imported Woods,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Foreign Wood Series,No.2242Kukachka, B.F.,1970,Properties of Imported Tropical Woods,Forest Research Paper FPL 125Patterson, D. 1988. Commercial Timbers of the World. Fifth Edition. Gower Technical Press, Aldershot, UK. ix + 339 pp.Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRecord, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonRijsdijk, L.F. and Laming, P.B.,1994,Physical and Related Properties of 145 Timbers, Information for,Practice,TNO Building and Construction Research Centre for Timber Research Kluwer,Academic PublishersT.D.A.,1942,Timber Leaflet No.85 Alerce (Fitzroya cuppressiodes,TRADA Timber LeafletTakahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.
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