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Ako ireAko ire
Ako ire (Funtumia africana)

Family: Apocynaceae

Common names: Adiakoua adrakoi, Afromonondou, Ako ire, Ako-ire, Anyan, Bandapare, Bassa-bassa, Bastard rubber tree, Bastard wild rubber, Bobo, Boboi, Bole, Bu-ay-boh, Buboi, Bunkankon, Bush rubber, Diabudimbu, Diladila, Dimbu n'dimbu, False rubber tree, Fulmunto-okai, Funtum, Gboboi, Ire, Ka-wathia, Kpoli, Kpomi, Mama, Mba miri, Mubudi, Munkenke, Munyamagozi, Munyamatunga, Musanda, Mutalabudimbu, Mutoke, Mutondo, Mutundi, Mutundo, Nkago, Nkame, Nkwame, Okae, Osese, Oseseo, Ouala, Pe, Pe-sain, Pesin, Po, Pono, Poran, Pouo, Pri, Sese, Seseo, Sooue, Tendo, Tive, Usumba, Wala, Wangolo, Watia, Wild rubber tree

Distributed in: Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire (Africa)

Common uses: Balusters, Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Casks, Chemical derivatives, Construction, Core Stock, Drawer sides, Food containers, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Matches, Millwork, Moldings, Office furniture, Packing cases, Particleboard, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Pulpwood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Stairworks, Stringers, Trimming, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Wainscotting

Environment profile: Rare in parts of its natural range (population is at risk)

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureUniform

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera), Susceptible to marine borer attack

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Drying Defects: The timber seasons well, though logs usually require early spraying since they are easily attacked by sap-stain fungi

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good The wood is described as very fissile, soft, and rather brittle.

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is slight

Boring: Good (75+ pieces out of 100 will yield good to excellent results)

Carving: Easy to carve

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Glues well

Mortising: Good mortising properties

Moulding: Good moulding properties

Movement in Service: Good moulding properties

Nailing: Easy to nail, Holds nails well

Planing: Yields smooth surfaces

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Resistance to Splitting: Good

Response to hand tools: Good response to hand tools

Routing recessing: Recessing is easy

Sanding: Easy to sand

Screwing: Good screw holding properties, Good screwing properties; Turning: Good results

Painting: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 448 kg/m3
Bending Strength 493 774 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 207 350 kg/cm2
Hardness 144 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 85 kg/cm2
Stiffness 77 90 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 432 384 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 7026 11011 psi
Density 28 lbs/ft3
Hardness 319 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 2953 4979 psi
Shearing Strength 1221 psi
Stiffness 1103 1291 1000 psi
Weight 27 24 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 13 %

Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate
Shrinkage, Volumetric = large
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Max. crushing strength (stiffness) = very low
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shrinkage, Volumetric = fairly large
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Max. crushing strength = low

Battiscombe, E.,1926,A Descriptive Catalogue of some of the Common Trees and Woody Plants of,Kenya Colony,Crown Agents for the Colonies LondonBolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBrenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Cooper, G.P., Record, S.J.,1931,The Evergreen Forests of Liberia,Yale School Forestry Bulletin,31,pp1-153Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentForest Products Research Laboratory, Nigeria,1965,Nigerian Timbers for Matchmaking,Nigeria Fed. Department of Forest Research, Ibadan, Forest Products,Research Laboratory Report No.5Fouarge, J., Gerard, G.,1964,Bois du Mayumbe,I.N.E.A.C. BelguimFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceFrance - Comite Nacional des Bois Coloniaux,1931,Etude Physique et Mecanique des Bois Coloniaux,Assoc. Colonies-Sciences & Comite National des Bios Coloniaux, Paris,,FranceIrvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonKeay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer LagosKryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5Meniaud, J., Bretonnet, F.,1926,Les Bois Coloniaux d'Afrique dans l'Industrie,Publ. de l'Agence Gen. des ColoniesPieters, A.,1977,Essences Forestieres du Zaire,R.U.G. Gent BelguimSavill, P.S., Fox, J.E.D.,1967,Trees of Sierra LeoneTack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer UgandaTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Taylor, C.J.,1960,Synecology and Silviculture in Ghana,University College of Ghana Thomas Nelson and SonsUnited Kingdom - H.M.S.O.,1954,Report of the Matchwood Working Party,H.M.S.O. for the Board of Trade and Ministry of MaterialsUnwin, A.H.,1920,West African Forests and Forestry,T. Fisher Unwin Ltd. LondonWimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)