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Kandis
Kandis (Garcinia cowa)

Family: Guttiferae

Common names: Binukau, Cowa, Gatasan, Haras, Kandis, Laubu, Lobak, Sikop, Taungthale

Distributed in: Brunei, Burma, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Garcinia cowa grows in Assam at elevations of about 2950 feet (900 m). It is also found in Chittagong in Pakistan, the Andaman islands, Vietnam and Burma.

Common uses: Beams, Boat building, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Canoes, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Concrete formwork, Construction, Decks, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Handles, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Joists, Light construction, Poles, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts

Product sources: Although the species is rated as Rare in some parts in India, it is known to be available from environmentally responsible sources in Papua New Guinea. Species in the Garcinia genus are reported to produce timber that have very similar properties, and are mixed and marketed together under the trade name Kandis. Apart from timber, the genus is also well known for its edible fruit, mangosteen.

Environment profile: Likely rare in many parts of its natural habitat

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellowish brownand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterNon-lustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Silica Content: Silica content is variable Garcinia timbers are siliceous and silica levels of 0.03% to 1.62% have been reported. Silica content of 0.05% is usually considered to be high enough to affect the machining properties of wood.

Kiln Schedules: T2 - C2 (4/4) US/T2 - C2 (4/4) US

Kiln Drying Rate: Slow

Drying Defects: Splitting, Warping can be expected

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Cutting Resistance: Moderate to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Poor response to hand tools

Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, Suitable for slicing

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Very Good to Excellent Results;

Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 865 kg/m3
Bending Strength 717 1136 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 356 620 kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 149 kg/cm2
Stiffness 121 141 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 10202 16170 psi
Density 54 lbs/ft3
Maximum Crushing Strength 5067 8820 psi
Shearing Strength 2131 psi
Stiffness 1733 2019 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.67


Chowdhury, K.A. and S.S. Ghosh. 1958. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume I - Dilleniaceae to Elaeocarpaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India.Chowdhury, K.A., Ghosh, S.S.,1958,Indian Woods: Their identification, properties and uses Vol. I,Dilleruaceae to Elaeocarpaceae,Manager of Publications, Delhi, IndiaChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Eddowes, P. J. 1961. Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea: Their Properties and Uses. Office of Forests, Papua New GuineaKeating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Whitmore, T.C.,1973,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 2,Forest Department Ministry of Primary Industries Malaysia
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)