Kamassi boxwood (Gonioma kamassi)
Family: Apocynaceae
Common names: African boxwood, Boxwood, Cape boxwood, East London boxwood, Kamassi, Kamassi boxwood, Kamassie, Kamassihout, Knysna, Knysna boxwood
Distributed in: South Africa, Swaziland (Africa)
Distribution overview: Confined mainly to the midland coastal districts of South Africa.
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Carvings, Engraving, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture, Handles, Joinery, Mathematical instruments, Millwork, Musical instruments, Precision instruments, Shade rollers, Shafts/Handles, Shuttles, Sills, Specialty items, Sporting Goods, Textile equipment, Tool handles, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts
Product sources: The timber is exported from South Africa in small quantities at a regular rate. It is usually shipped in squared billets cut to small sizes for manufacture.
Environment profile: Status unsure as a result of insufficient information
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish brownand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureVery fineand the lusterMedium
Natural durability: Sapwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack, Susceptible to insect attack
Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3
Kiln Drying Rate: Slow
Drying Defects: Severe surface checking, Splitting
Ease of Drying: Slowly
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good
Blunting Effect: Medium effect
Boring: Very good to excellent results
Carving: Works well with hand tools
Cutting Resistance: Moderate to saw
Gluing: Fairly difficult to glue
Mortising: Very Good to Excellent
Moulding: Wood has tendency to ride on cutters
Movement in Service: Wood has tendency to ride on cutters
Nailing: Tends to split during nailing, Very Good to Excellent
Planing: Very Good to Excellent
Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood
Resistance to Splitting: Very Poor
Response to hand tools: Responds Readily
Routing recessing: Good in both routing and recessing.
Sanding: Sanding finish is excellent
Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy
Steam bending: Fair to Good Results
Screwing: Possible if prebored, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results
Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
 |
 |
 |
 |
Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
0,67 |
0,85 |
|
Density |
|
913 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
954 |
1488 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
485 |
726 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
1203 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
167 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
152 |
178 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
5 |
|
% |
Weight |
881 |
705 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
783 |
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 13576 | 21177 | psi | Density | | 57 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 2653 | lbs | Maximum Crushing Strength | 6899 | 10339 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 2385 | psi | Static Bending | | 11143 | psi | Stiffness | 2167 | 2544 | 1000 psi | Specific Gravity | 0.67 | 0.85 | | Weight | 55 | 44 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 5 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 8 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = high Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Hardness (side grain) = hard Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Hardness (side grain) = very hard Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft
Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBolza, E.,1976,Timber and Health,Div. Building Res. C.S.I.R.O. AustraliaChalk, L. et al.,1935,Fifteen South African High Forest Timber Trees,Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire, Imperial Forestry,Institute, Oxford,Part 3Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Cox, H.A.,1939,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes RisboroughDesch, H.E.,1948,The Boxwoods,Wood,13(5,pp130-1Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1955,Kiln-Drying Schedules,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research Establishment Leaflet,No.42Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentHMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods.2nd Edition.Revised by R.H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Palgrave, K.C.,1977,Trees of Southern Africa,Cape Town South AfricaPatterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressScott, M.H. 1953. Utilization Notes on South African Timbers. Bulletin No. 36. Department of Forestry, Union of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa.Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36Sim, T.R.,1906,The Forests and Forest Flora of Cape Colony,Taylor & Henderson, AberdeenSim, T.R.,1921,Native Trees of South Africa,Union of South Africa Department of Mines and Industries Memoir No.3Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd editionWood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13
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