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Kopie (Goupia glabra)
Family: Celastraceae Common names: Cabacalli, Caballi, Capricornia, Chaquiro, Congrio blanco, Copi, Copie, Couepi, Coupi, Cupiuba, Cupiuva, Goupi, Goupi glabra, Goupie, Goupil, Kabiuk, Kaboekalli, Kabukaii, Kabukalli, Kapie, Keopi, Koepie, Kopi, Kopie, Kopiye, Kupiye, Paraguero, Piaunde, Pilon, Saino, Sapino, Stinkwood, Tento, Waramai, Zahino Distributed in: Brazil, Colombia, Columbia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela (Central America, Latin America) Distribution overview: Uplands of the lower Amazon, the Guianas, and the Serrania de San Lucas, Carare-Opon, Rio Cauca Valley, and other regions of Colombia. Also in Surinam and Brazil. Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bent Parts, Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Bridge construction, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chairs, Charcoal, Chests, Construction, Decks, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Drawer sides, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mine timbers, Office furniture, Paneling, Piling, Plywood, Plywood: veneer (marine), Poles, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Roofing, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Turnery, Utility furniture, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wardrobes Product sources: The ITTO reports that the species is an important source of timber. The timber is exported at a low rate. Environment profile: Vulnerable Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m
Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWell defined, White to yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium coarse to coarseand the lusterSlightly lustrous
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable Odor: No specific smell or taste when dry Silica Content: Siliceous
LightInduced Color Change: Darker
Kiln Schedules: T7 - B3 (4/4) US/T7 - B3 (4/4) US
Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Warping can be expected Ease of Drying: Slowly Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is cylindrical Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good The timber is highly favored as an all purpose wood in the Guianas. It is reported to compare favorably with oak, except in shock resistance, splitting, compression, and cleavage. Blunting Effect: Cuting edges are dulled moderately Boring: Poor to very poor results Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw Gluing: Poor to Very Poor Results Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Nailing: Holds nails well, Poor nailing properties Planing: Special attention suggested for best Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant Response to hand tools: Variable qualities Routing recessing: Routing is easy Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Veneering qualities: No drying degrade. Dries flat without splitting, Suitable for slicing
Screwing: Difficult to screw
; Turning: Good results
Painting: Surface preparation required; Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Finish is generally satisfactory; Varnishing: Satisfactory;
Shrinkage, Volumetric = large 0 Bending strength (MOR) = high 0 Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate 1 Max. crushing strength = high 1 Hardness (side grain) = hard 1 Bending strength (MOR) = medium 1 Shrinkage, Radial = moderate 0 Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Max. crushing strength = medium Shrinkage, Radial = large Hardness (side grain) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = very high Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shearing strength (parallel to the grain) = very high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Max. crushing strength = very high Shrinkage, Volumetric = fairly large Shrinkage, Tangential = small Bena, P.,1960,Essences Forestieres de Guyane,Bureau Agricole et Forestier Guyanais GuyanaBerni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brazier, J.D.,1975,Properties and uses of Brazilian woods,Journal of the Institute of Wood Science,7(2,pp50-57Brazil -, I.B.D.F.,1980,Woods from Tucurui - characteristics and application,The Ag. Ministry Brazilian Institute for Forest DevelopmentBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme.1990.Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne, CEDEX, France.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Constantine, Jr., A. J. 1959.Know Your Woods - A Complete Guide to Trees, Woods, and Veneers.Revised Edition.Revised by H.J. Hobbs.Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Ducke, A.,1943,The Most Important Woods of the Amazon Valley,Tropical Woods,12(74,pp1-15Edmondson, C.H.,1949,Reaction of Woods from S.America and Caribbean areas to Marine Borers in,Hawaiian Waters,Caribbean Foresters,10(1,PP37-41Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFalla Ramirez, A.,1971,Resultados de Estudios Fisico-Mechanicos de Algunas Maderas de la Serrania,de San Lucas. (Some timbers of the San Lucas mountain range.,Plegable Divulgativo, Div. Forestal, Inderena Colombia,pp6Falla Ramirez, A.,1971,Resultados de los estudios Fisico-Mecanicos de 41 especies Maderables de,la,region Carare-Opon. (Results of studies of the physical and mechanical,properties of 41 timber species of the Carare-Opon region.,Inst. de Desarrollo de los Recursos Naturales Renovables. Div. For.,Pleagble Divulgativo, Inderena Colombia,pp6Fanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentFrance - C.T.F.T.,1973,Investigations and Tests carried out on Tropical Timber by several,Research Laboratories,CTFTFrance - C.T.F.T.,Goupi - Goupia glabra,C.T.F.T. Information Techniques No. 287France - Comite Nacional des Bois Coloniaux,1931,Etude Physique et Mecanique des Bois Coloniaux,Assoc. Colonies-Sciences & Comite National des Bios Coloniaux, Paris,,FranceGuyana Forestry Department,1951,British Guiana Timbers - Kabukalli (Goupia glabra,British Guiana Forestry Department Leaflet 8HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer, Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Longwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207Loureiro, A.A., Freitas da Silva, M.,1968,Catalogo das Madeiras da Amazonia (2 vols,Min. do Ultramar Belem BrasilMainieri, C.,1978,Fichas de Caracteristicas das Madeiras Brasileiras,Inst. Pesquisas TechnologicasMartin-Lavigne, E.,1909,Recherches sur les Bois de la Guyane,Vigot Freres ParisMorton, J.F.,1965,Can the Red Mangrove Provide Food Feed and Fertilizer?,Economic Botany, 19(2,pp113-23Polak, A.M.,1992,Major Timber Trees of Guyana A Field Guide,The Tropenbos Foundation Wageningen, The NetherlandsRecord, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressRecord, S.J.,1938,The American Woods of the Orders Celastrales, Olacales and Santalales,Tropical Woods,7(53,pp11-38Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23Slooten, H.J. van der,1970,Evaluation Study of eighteen Wood Species from Guyana for Veneer and,Plywood Manufacture,Forest Industries Development Survey FAO Report SF/GUY9 Tech. Report,No.13,U.N.D.P.Surinam Forest Service,1952,Surinam Timber - A Summary with brief descriptions of the main timber,species of Surinam,Surinam Forest ServiceTakahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Teixeira, D. E., M. A. E. Santana and M. Rabelo de Souza.1988. Amazonian Timbers for the International Market.ITTO Technical Series 1.Brazilian Institute for Forestry Development, Brazil.Villamil, F.G.,1971,Maderas Colombianas,Proexpo ColombiaVink, A.T.,1965,Surinam Timbers,Surinam Forest Service Paramaribo,3rd rev. ed.Wangaard, F.F., et al,1954,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 4,Tropical Woods,14(99, pp1-187Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series |
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