Bondet (Hagenia abyssinica)
Family: Rosaceae
Common names: Bondet, Chagga of old moshi, Cousso, Cusso, Duchia, Edo, Fieto, Habbi, Hagenia, Hato, Heto, Ihangala, Kamonde, Kibongoto, Kikukwe, Kisichetwa, Kosso, Kossobaum, Kuso ag, Kuso tree, Leo, Masai, Mfoono, Mizeti, Mkumburu, Mlanga, Mokesi, Mrosirose, Mrozirozi, Mruziruzi, Mtulenya, Muchagachaga, Muchokachoka, Mugeti, Muhulisi, Muinyeri, Mujogajoga, Mukunzuti, Mumondo, Munyagondu, Museregego, Muweti, Muzeti, Muziziku, Mwanga, Mwisso, Nafuru, Ngivavi, Njororuet, Ol kijabe, Omujesi, Seweruwa, Shagaret el hhabbashiyah, Shagaret el kusu, Shawa, Sigurwa, Sokoruet
Distributed in: Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire (Africa)
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture, Joinery, Light construction, Particleboard, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative
Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m
Colors: the heart isWhite, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMedium
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable
Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5
Kiln Drying Rate: Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm)
Drying Defects: Severe end splitting, Slight end splitting
Ease of Drying: Easy
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good
Boring: Easy
Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy
Gluing: Easy to glue
Mortising: Finishes well
Moulding: Good finishing
Movement in Service: Good finishing
Nailing: Difficult to nail, Easy to nail
Planing: Planes well, to a good finish
Resistance to Impregnation: Softwood is resistant
Response to hand tools: Easy to machine
Turning: Good results
Polishing: Poor;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
|
|
|
Density |
|
592 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
542 |
849 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
275 |
449 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
451 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
71 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
166 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
71 |
84 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
2 |
|
% |
Weight |
576 |
464 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 7711 | 12078 | psi | Density | | 37 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 995 | lbs | Impact Strength | | 28 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 3916 | 6397 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 2365 | psi | Stiffness | 1017 | 1199 | 1000 psi | Weight | 36 | 29 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 2 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 5 | | % | |
Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = small Max. crushing strength = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Hardness (side grain) = soft Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Battiscombe, E.,1926,A Descriptive Catalogue of some of the Common Trees and Woody Plants of,Kenya Colony,Crown Agents for the Colonies LondonBois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBrehme, K.,1964,Timbers of Ethiopia - No.4 Kuso tree (Hagenia abyssinica,Ethiopia Forest Research Institute, Haile Sellassie University, Addis,AbabaBrenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiEggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38Grant, D.K.S.,1934,Some Local Timbers,Tanzania Forest DepartmentLogan, W.E.M.,1946,An Introduction to the Forests of Central and Southern Ethiopia,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford Paper No.24Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Patterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania Forest Department,1963,Hagenia abyssinica,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiWhite, F.,1962,Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia,O.U.P. LondonWimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya
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