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Ditta 5
Indirizzo: via dei platani 4 liguria
Tel.: +39 456 5664 54

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Ditta 4
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Ditta 2
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Ditta 1
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Ditta 0
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Heavy hopea
Heavy hopea (Hopea iriana)

Family: Dipterocarpaceae

Common names: Gagil, Heavy hopea, Koki, Luis, Mai takien, Manggachapui, Merawan, Thingan

Distributed in: Indonesia, Papua New Guinea (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Billiard-cue butts, Boat building, Broom handles, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Canoes, Construction, Crossties, Domestic flooring, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Handles, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders , Lifeboats, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Parquet flooring, Pile-driver cushions, Piling, Poles, Railroad ties, Shafts/Handles, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Sub-flooring, Tool handles, Utility poles, Wharf construction

Product sources: Species in the Hopea genus are reported to produce timbers that may fall into one of two groups, referred to by the name of the best known species in that group. The two classes are the Yacals and the Mangachapuys. Timbers in the Yacal class are harder, heavier, stronger, darker (when fresh), more resistant to decay, and more cross-grained. Commercially, the Yacals are reported to include several species of Shorea and of Vatica which produce timbers that are almost identical. The Yacals are the most abundant of the very hard, strong, and durable high-class construction timbers of the Philippine Islands.

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isPurple, Redand the sapwoodSame as heartwood, Well defined upon exposure.The grain isStreaks (figure), the textureFine to mediumand the lusterHigh

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: T3 - C2 (4/4) US

Drying Defects: Moderate twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Variable

Boring: Good results

Carving: Good results

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Glues well

Mortising: Good mortising properties

Moulding: Good finishing

Movement in Service: Good finishing

Nailing: Pre-boring required

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Routing recessing: Routing is easy

Sanding: Good sanding qualities

Turning: Good results

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,74 0,8
Density 977 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1185 1688 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 158 141 kg/cm2
Hardness 1020 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 167 kg/cm2
Stiffness 219 241 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 961 785 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 274 cm-kg
Static Bending 909 1130 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 16856 24010 psi
Crushing Strength 2259 2019 psi
Density 61 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2249 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 9996 13426 psi
Shearing Strength 2386 psi
Static Bending 12936 16072 psi
Stiffness 3126 3440 1000 psi
Toughness 238 inch-lbs
Specific Gravity 0.74 0.8
Weight 60 49. lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 9 %


Bolza, E., Kloot, N. H. 1966. The Mechanical Properties of 81 New Guinea Timbers. Technological Paper No. 41. Division of Forest Products, Center for Scientific and Industrial Organization (CSIRO, Melbourne, AustraliaChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Eddowes, P.J. 1977. Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea - Their Properties and Uses. Forest Products Research Center, Office of Forests, Department of Primary Industry, Papua New Guinea.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1
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