Para angelim (Hymenolobium excelsum)
Family: Leguminosae
Common names: Angelim, Angelim do Para, Angelim dos amarelos, Angelim pedra, Caramate, Ere joeroe, Erejoeroe, Lialiadon koleroe, Lialiandan koleroe, Para angelim, Para-angelim, Saandoe, Sapupira amarell, Sapupira amarella, St. Martin jaune
Distributed in: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname (Latin America)
Distribution overview: Upland forests of the central and eastern parts of the Brazilian Amazon region and extending northward into the Guianas and southward to Rio de Janeiro.
Common uses: Boat building: decking, Boat building: planking, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Crossties, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, General carpentry, Handles: general, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Ladders, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Office furniture, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Picture frames, Piling, Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tables , Turnery, Utility furniture, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wardrobes
Product sources: The ITTO reports that the species is a very important source of timber. It is exported frequently. The wood is imported from Brazil into Spain, Italy, and Japan.
Environment profile: Vulnerable
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureUnevenand the lusterMedium
Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable
Odor: No specific smell or taste
LightInduced Color Change: Darker
Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast
Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid
Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting
Ease of Drying: Slowly
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is cylindrical
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good
Blunting Effect: Slight
Boring: Fairly easy to very easy
Carving: Good results
Cutting Resistance: Moderate to saw
Gluing: Surface Preparation
Mortising: Very Good to Excellent
Moulding: Good finishing
Movement in Service: Good finishing
Nailing: Satisfactory nailing properties, Very Good to Excellent
Planing: Very Good to Excellent
Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable
Response to hand tools: Responds Readily
Routing recessing: Good in both routing and recessing.
Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results
Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, Suitable for slicing
Steam bending: Poor to Very Poor Results
Screwing: Satisfactory screwing properties, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Poor to Very Poor Results
Painting: Fair to Good; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Fair to Good;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
 |
 |
 |
 |
Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
0,59 |
|
|
Density |
|
769 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
942 |
1283 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
93 |
116 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
888 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
144 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
131 |
145 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
7 |
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
|
% |
Weight |
753 |
608 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
0,63 |
0,84 |
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
229 |
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 13400 | 18255 | psi | Crushing Strength | 1323 | 1656 | psi | Density | | 48 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 1958 | lbs | Maximum Crushing Strength | 6783 | 9016 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 2061 | psi | Stiffness | 1874 | 2064 | 1000 psi | Toughness | | 199 | inch-lbs | Work to Maximum Load | 9 | 12 | inch-lbs/in3 | Specific Gravity | 0.59 | | | Weight | 47 | 38 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % | Volumetric Shrinkage | 10 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = hard Bending strength (MOR) = medium Work to Maximum Load = very low Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Hardness (side grain) = medium
Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Ducke, A.,1943,The Most Important Woods of the Amazon Valley,Tropical Woods,12(74,pp1-15Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentLamb, A.F.A., Wangaard, F.F.,1950,The Gluing Properties of certain Tropical American Woods,Yale Univ. School of Forestry Technical Report,4Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Teixeira, D. E., M. A. E. Santana and M. Rabelo de Souza.1988. Amazonian Timbers for the International Market.ITTO Technical Series 1.Brazilian Institute for Forestry Development, Brazil.Wangaard, F.F., Chudnoff, M.,1950,The Steam Bending Properties of Certain Tropical American Woods,Yale Univ. School of Forestry Technical Report No. 6Wangaard, F.F., et al,1954,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 4,Tropical Woods,14(99, pp1-187
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