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Oba
Oba (Irvingia gabonensis)

Family: Simaroubaceae

Common names: African mango, Agbons, An-gbere, Andoc, Andok, Andok oba, Belle-tu, Bobo, Boboi, Boborae, Boborau, Boborou, Boboru, Bojep, Bopala, Dibiue mutshi ditoke, Dika, Dika-bread tree, Dika-nut tree, Diuka mahogany, Duika, Etu, Etue, Gbele, Guiba, Keega, Kpeh, Kpele, Mahogany, Manguier sauvage, Mbei, Meba, Mombulu, Mueba, Mukessu, Mutendo, Nsing, Oba, Ogboin, Ogbou, Ogui, Opopa, Oro, Oropa, Udika, Vjiri, Wanini, Wild mango

Distributed in: Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Zaire (Africa)

Distribution overview: Western tropical Africa from Senegal to Angola; often found near riverbanks and reaches its optimum in the dense evergreen rain forest. Angola, Congo, C￿d'ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria, Uganda, Pr￿ipe, Democratic Republic of Congo, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan. Found in the rain forest, but also in forest galleries. It is always found in rather wet soils.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Carvings, Chemical derivatives, Construction, Crossties, Domestic flooring, Excelsior, Factory construction, Flooring, Handles, Heavy construction, Joinery, Millwork, Mine timbers, Parquet flooring, Posts, Railroad ties, Shafts/Handles, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Sub-flooring, Tool handles, Truck bodies, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Woodwork

Environment profile: Status unknown in many of its growth areas

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight to interlocked, the textureUnevenand the lusterNon-lustrous

Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly

Drying Defects: Splitting, Surface checks

Ease of Drying: Reconditioning Treatement

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: The timber is described as hard, tough, and heavy. The tree yields the dika nut. Its edible fruit is similar to that of mango, and the kernels are a source of edible fats

Blunting Effect: Moderate effect

Boring: Poor to very poor results

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Cutting Resistance: Saws slowly and moderately well

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Poor to Very Poor

Moulding: Poor to Very Poor

Movement in Service: Poor to Very Poor

Nailing: Requires pre-boring , Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Poor to Very Poor

Resistance to Impregnation: Permeable sapwood

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Routing recessing: Poor to Very Poor Results

Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Screwing: Poor to Very Poor Results, Pre-Boring suggested before screwing ; Turning: Poor to Very Poor Results

Polishing: Satisfactory;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,64 0,76
Density 881 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1160 1722 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 511 747 kg/cm2
Hardness 1262 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 209 kg/cm2
Stiffness 168 194 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Weight 865 689 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 324 cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 16504 24498 psi
Density 55 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2784 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 7270 10637 psi
Shearing Strength 2985 psi
Stiffness 2390 2761 1000 psi
Toughness 282 inch-lbs
Specific Gravity 0.64 0.76
Weight 54 43 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 18 %

Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Max. crushing strength = high
Density (dry weight) = 53 - 60 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Density (dry weight) = 61 - 67 lbs/cu. ft.
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Hardness (side grain) = hard

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchChalk, L.,1933,Twenty West African Timber Trees,Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire,Part 2Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Dalziel, J.M.,1937,The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa,Crown Agents for the ColoniesFouarge, J.,1970,Essais Physiques,Mecaniques et de Durabilite de Bois de la Republique,Democratique du Congo,I.N.E.A.C. Belgium Serie Technique,No.76Hedin, L.,1930,Etude sur la Foret et les Bois du Cameroun,Haut-Commissaire de la CamerounHughes, J.F.,1971,The Principal Timber Trees of Cameroon,Unpublished dataIrvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonKeay, R.W.J.1989. Trees of Nigeria.Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford.Kennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer LagosKryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159Kunkel, G.,1965,The Trees of Liberia,German Forestry Mission to Liberia Report,No.3Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5Pieters, A.,1977,Essences Forestieres du Zaire,R.U.G. Gent BelguimSaint-Aubin, G. de,1963,La Foret du Gabon,CTFT Publ., No.21Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSallenave, P.,1971,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Deuxieme,Supplement,C.T.F.T.Savill, P.S., Fox, J.E.D.,1967,Trees of Sierra LeoneTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Taylor, C.J.,1960,Synecology and Silviculture in Ghana,University College of Ghana Thomas Nelson and SonsWCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
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