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Balau
Balau (Isoptera borneensis)

Family: Dipterocarpaceae

Common names: Balau, Ballow, Chengal, Gisok-takpank, Larat api, Malayakal, Peniow, Ramoehoen, Selangan batu, Selangan batu terendak, Sengkawang, Tak pang, Tangkawang, Tengkawang, Tengkawang kalepek, Tengkawang pelepek, Tengkawang tanggoei, Tengkawang terindak, Thingan, Yacal, Yakal, Yakal-batu

Distributed in: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Axles, Boat building (general), Bridge construction, Heavy construction, Light construction, Mine timbers, Wharf construction, Wheel spokes, Wheels

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m

Colors: the heart isRed, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWell defined, White to yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Distortion, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities


Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 849 kg/m3
Bending Strength kg/cm2
Crushing Strength kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Density 53 lbs/ft3
Weight 52 47 lbs/ft3

Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.

Ashton, P.S.,1964,A manual of the Dipterocarp trees of Brunei State,O.U.P. LondonI. Soerianegara and R.H.M.J. Lemmens (Editors,1993,Plant Resources of South-East Asia 5,(PROSEA, 1,Timber trees: Major commercial timbers,Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen 1993Kraemer, J.H.,1951,Trees of the Western Pacific Region,West Lafayette, Indiana U.S.A.Martawijaya, A., Kadir, K., Kartasujana, I.,1986,Indonesian Wood Atlas. Vol.1.,Department of Forestry Agency for Forestry Research and Development.,Bogar-IndonesiaMeijer, W., Wood, G.H.S.,1964,Dipterocarps of Sabah (North Borneo,Sabah Forest Department, Forest Record No.5Reyes, L.J.,1938,Philippine Woods,Commonwealth of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Commerce,Technical Bulletin,No.7Tamesis, F., Aguilar, L.,1953,The 'Philippine mahogany' and other Dipterocarp woods,Philippine Department of Agriculture and Natural Research Popular Bulletin,No.44
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)