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Eastern redcedarEastern redcedarEastern redcedarEastern redcedarEastern redcedar
Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana)

Family: Coniferae

Common names: Eastern redcedar, Juniper, Red juniper, Redcedar, Savin, Virginia pencil cedar

Distributed in: Canada, United States (North America)

Distribution overview: Eastern redcedar is the most widely distributed conifer of the East and grows in all states east of the Great Plains.Its range extends from southwestern Maine to southern Minnesota and the Dakotas, southward to western Nebraska and central Texas, and eastward to northern Florida and Georgia.Eastern redcedar has expanded into the Great Plains through the regeneration of planted trees.Its range was much more extensive during pre-Pleistocene and pre-Pliocene times.Relict stands in refugia from earlier climatic regimes persist in parts of western Kansas and the Texas Panhandle.Eastern redcedar is cultivated in Hawaii. Although said to "prefer" calcareous soils, it thrives on dry hillsides and in swampy land.

Common uses: Bedroom suites, Building materials, Chests, Fine furniture, Foundation posts, Furniture , Interior construction, Interior trim, Millwork, Moldings, Novelties, Pencil, Posts, Stakes, Trimming, Wainscotting, Wardrobes, Woodenware

Product sources: Large Eastern red cedar trees for timber are rather scarce since the trees have been subjected to widespread destructive cutting in the past, and also grows slowly. Available trees are reported to often produce timber that are small in dimension and are also full of small knots. For small projects such as craftwork, Eastern red cedar is available in adequate supplies at moderate prices.

Environment profile: Widespread

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm

Colors: the heart isTurn reddish brown upon exposure, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isFigure, the textureUniformand the lusterLow

Natural durability: Perishable, Susceptible to insect attack

Odor: Characteristic mild, delicate, and agreeable, pencil-cedar odor and taste

Silica Content: High

Kiln Schedules: 5 - A4 (4/4) T5 - A3 (8/4) U

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Distortion, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Carving: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Mortising: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Moulding: Very Good to Excellent

Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent

Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Turning: Poor to Very Poor Results

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Surface Preparation;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,4 0,43
Density 512 kg/m3
Bending Strength 482 606 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 48 63 kg/cm2
Hardness 400 kg
Impact Strength 86 55 cm
Shearing Strength 69 kg/cm2
Stiffness 44 60 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 544 496 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,56 1,05 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 6860 8624 psi
Crushing Strength 686 902 psi
Density 32 lbs/ft3
Hardness 882 lbs
Impact Strength 34 22 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3499 5900 psi
Shearing Strength 990 psi
Stiffness 637 862 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 8 15 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.4 0.43
Weight 34 31 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 8 %


Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Kline, M. 1982. Juniperus virginiana - Eastern redcedar. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. Page 197-198.Little, E.L.1980.The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Eastern Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Panshin, A.J. and C. deZeeuw. Textbook of Wood Technology. McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook : Wood as an Engineering Material. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72.Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operators Manual, Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
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