   
Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana)
Family: Coniferae
Common names: Eastern redcedar, Juniper, Red juniper, Redcedar, Savin, Virginia pencil cedar
Distributed in: Canada, United States (North America)
Distribution overview: Eastern redcedar is the most widely distributed conifer of the East and grows in all states east of the Great Plains.Its range extends from southwestern Maine to southern Minnesota and the Dakotas, southward to western Nebraska and central Texas, and eastward to northern Florida and Georgia.Eastern redcedar has expanded into the Great Plains through the regeneration of planted trees.Its range was much more extensive during pre-Pleistocene and pre-Pliocene times.Relict stands in refugia from earlier climatic regimes persist in parts of western Kansas and the Texas Panhandle.Eastern redcedar is cultivated in Hawaii. Although said to "prefer" calcareous soils, it thrives on dry hillsides and in swampy land.
Common uses: Bedroom suites, Building materials, Chests, Fine furniture, Foundation posts, Furniture , Interior construction, Interior trim, Millwork, Moldings, Novelties, Pencil, Posts, Stakes, Trimming, Wainscotting, Wardrobes, Woodenware
Product sources: Large Eastern red cedar trees for timber are rather scarce since the trees have been subjected to widespread destructive cutting in the past, and also grows slowly. Available trees are reported to often produce timber that are small in dimension and are also full of small knots. For small projects such as craftwork, Eastern red cedar is available in adequate supplies at moderate prices.
Environment profile: Widespread
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm
Colors: the heart isTurn reddish brown upon exposure, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isFigure, the textureUniformand the lusterLow
Natural durability: Perishable, Susceptible to insect attack
Odor:
Characteristic mild, delicate, and agreeable, pencil-cedar odor and taste
Silica Content: High
Kiln Schedules: 5 - A4 (4/4) T5 - A3 (8/4) U
Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly
Drying Defects: Distortion, Splitting
Ease of Drying: Slowly
Blunting Effect: Moderate
Boring: Fairly easy to very easy
Carving: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw
Gluing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Mortising: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Moulding: Very Good to Excellent
Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent
Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Very Good to Excellent
Planing: Very Good to Excellent
Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood
Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work
Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy
Turning: Poor to Very Poor Results
Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Surface Preparation;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
 |
 |
 |
 |
Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
0,4 |
0,43 |
|
Density |
|
512 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
482 |
606 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
48 |
63 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
400 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
86 |
55 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
69 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
44 |
60 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
5 |
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
3 |
|
% |
Weight |
544 |
496 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
0,56 |
1,05 |
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 6860 | 8624 | psi | Crushing Strength | 686 | 902 | psi | Density | | 32 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 882 | lbs | Impact Strength | 34 | 22 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 3499 | 5900 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 990 | psi | Stiffness | 637 | 862 | 1000 psi | Work to Maximum Load | 8 | 15 | inch-lbs/in3 | Specific Gravity | 0.4 | 0.43 | | Weight | 34 | 31 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 3 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 5 | | % | Volumetric Shrinkage | 8 | | % | |
Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Kline, M. 1982. Juniperus virginiana - Eastern redcedar. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. Page 197-198.Little, E.L.1980.The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Eastern Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Panshin, A.J. and C. deZeeuw. Textbook of Wood Technology. McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook : Wood as an Engineering Material. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72.Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operators Manual, Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
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