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African mahoganyAfrican mahogany
African mahogany (Khaya nyassica)

Family: Meliaceae

Common names: Acajou umbaua, African mahogany, Banket mahogany, East African mahogany, Iluli, Kaonde, M'bane, Mahogany, Mbamba, Mbaua, Mbawa, Mkangazi, Mozambique mahogany, Mtondoo, Mtondoro, Mubaba, Mubawa, Mululu, Mururu, Muvava, Muwawa, Myofu, Nyasaland mahogany, Red mahogany, Umbaba, Umbaua

Distributed in: Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe (Africa)

Distribution overview: East and Central Africa

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: planking, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Clogs, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Drawer sides, Exterior trim & siding, Exterior uses, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mathematical instruments, Medicinal use, Moldings, Office furniture, Paneling, Particleboard, Pencil, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Shakes, Sheathing, Shingles, Shipbuilding, Siding, Sporting Goods, Tables, Toys, Turnery, Veneer, Wardrobes, Windows

Product sources: The timber is often marketed together with those of other Khaya species as African mahogany. Supplies in the lumber form are plentiful in a wide variety of sizes. The wood is also available in plywood form from many suppliers at a moderate price

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 250-300 cm

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureUniformand the lusterSlightly lustrous

Natural durability: Resistant to termites, Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles

Odor: No specific smell or taste

LightInduced Color Change: Darker

Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid

Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm)

Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Fairly Easy

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: Abnormal Wood TissueAbnormal wood tissue in the form of tension wood may be present.General finishing qualities are rated as good The timber is generally similar in strength and other properties and is used for the same purposes as other African mahoganies, K. ivorensis and K. anthotheca .

Blunting Effect: Medium effect

Boring: Responds readily to boring operations

Carving: Good carving properties

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Glues well

Mortising: Moderately easy to mortise

Moulding: Moulding ease is moderate

Movement in Service: Moulding ease is moderate

Nailing: Nails hold poorly The nailing properties of this timber are variable, and are believed to be generally poor. Pre-boring is advised, especially when nailing areas close to the edge of backsawn boards.

Planing: Planes well, to a good finish

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant

Resistance to Splitting: Poor

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine

Routing recessing: Routing is easy Routing and recessing qualities are rated as good in straight grain material

Sanding: Good sanding qualities

Veneering qualities: Suitable for slicing, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits

Screwing: Pre-Boring suggested before screwing ; Turning: Turns fairly well

Polishing: High polish;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,52
Density 624 kg/m3
Bending Strength 522 804 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 244 424 kg/cm2
Hardness 487 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 101 kg/cm2
Stiffness 83 96 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Weight 576 464 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending 501 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 7429 11443 psi
Density 39 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1075 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 3482 6037 psi
Shearing Strength 1437 psi
Static Bending 7134 psi
Stiffness 1190 1376 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.52
Weight 36 29 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %

Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. 1
Max. crushing strength = medium 0
Bending strength (MOR) = low 0
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Max. crushing strength = low
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = high

Alan Schwartz.Rio Rivuma, Boston, MA.Personal Communication, 1993.Audas, J.W.,Native Trees of Australia,Whitcombe & Tombs PTY. LtdBanks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBryce, J.M., Norcross, H.,1961,The Resistance of Tanganyika Timbers to Impregnation,Tanzania Forest Dept. Util. Sec .Tech. Note,No.28Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFortin, Y., Poliquin, J.,1976,Natural Durability and Preservation of 100 Tropical African Woods,International Development Research Centre, CanadaFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceGreenway, P.J.,1947,Mahogany in East Africa 1 The Khayas,East African Agricultural Journal,13,pp8-14,[East African Agricultural,and Forestry Journal]HMSO, 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKline, M. 1981. Khaya spp. - African mahogany. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. Page 201-202.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.McCoy-Hill, M.,1955,Timbers of Tanganyika - Afrormosia and East African Mahogany,Timber Technology,63(2196, pp538-9Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Palgrave, K.C.,1977,Trees of Southern Africa,Cape Town South AfricaPardy, A.A.,1953,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S.Rhodesia - Khaya nyasica Stapf,ex Baker f.,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S.Rhodesia Bulletin No.1712Scott, M.H.,1950,Notes on the more Important African Timbers Imported into the Union with,Special Ref. to Port. E.A. Species,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No.19,pp18-62,[South,African Forestry Journal]Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania - Timber Marketing Co. Ltd.,1978,Timber from TanzaniaTanzania Forest Department,1961,The Movement of Timbers Technical Note No.29,Tanzania Forest Department, Utilisation Division Technical NoteTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiTanzania Forestry Department,1961,Timbers of Tanganyika - Khaya nyasica,Tanzania Forestry Department, Utilisation Section, Moshi - Timbers of,TanganyikaTanzania Forestry Department,1963,Timbers of Tanganyika - Syzygium guineense,Tanzania Forestry Department, Utilisation Section, Moshi - Timbers of,TanganyikaTimber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA]Zambia Forest Department,1979,Timbers of Zambia Khaya nyasica and Kirkia acuminata,Zambia Forest Department, Division of Forest Products Research Technical,Note
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)