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Incense cedarIncense cedar
Incense cedar (Libocedrus decurrens)

Family: Cupressaceae

Common names: Bastard cedar, California post cedar, Californian cedar, Californian incense cedar, Incense cedar, Pecky cedar, Pencil cedar, Post cedar, Red cedar, White cedar

Distributed in: United States (North America)

Distribution overview: Western U.S., from central Oregon to southern California, mainly in Sierra Nevada, but also Siskyou, Klamath, Warner, Cascade and Coast ranges. Many disjunct populations scattered through Oregon, California and Nevada, to the Sierra de San Pedro Martir in Baja California. Also in northern Baja Peninsula of Mexico. Incence cedar is often found in mixed coniferous forests and seldom in pure stands. It prefers mountain soils.

Common uses: Boxes and crates, Building materials, Chests, Foundation posts, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery (external): ground contact, Light construction, Millwork, Moldings, Novelties, Paneling, Pencil, Piling, Posts, Railroad ties, Shingles, Stakes, Toys, Trimming, Wainscotting, Woodenware

Product sources: Supplies of Incence cedar are adequate. The trees are usually harvested with other species since they are seldom found in dense stands.

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 40-50 m

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodClearly differentiated from the heartwood, White to yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMedium

Natural durability: Suited for exterior applications , Very durable

Odor: The wood has a peculiar pungent odor and a spicy, sharp taste

Silica Content: Siliceous

Kiln Schedules: 11- B5 (4/4) T10- B4 (8/4) US

Drying Defects: Distortion, Slight collapse and honeycomb

Ease of Drying: Moderately Difficult to Difficult

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is unknown

Comments: Light Shock resistance = low Soft Stiffness = low

Blunting Effect: High to severe

Boring: Excellent (95+ pieces out of 100 will yield excellent results)

Cutting Resistance: Cutting resistance is rather low, and the wood is easy to cut in all directions

Gluing: Excellent gluing properties

Mortising: Responds very well to mortising operations

Moulding: Good finishing

Movement in Service: Good finishing

Nailing: Good resistance to splitting while nailing, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Routing recessing: Good routing qualities

Sanding: Incense cedar has excellent machining properties

Screwing: Excellent screwing properties, Good screw holding properties; Turning: Very good

Painting: Good; Polishing: Good; Staining: Stains very well; Varnishing: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,31 0,33
Density 416 kg/m3
Bending Strength 404 571 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 25 40 kg/cm2
Hardness 180 kg
Impact Strength 43 40 cm
Shearing Strength 62 kg/cm2
Stiffness 66 79 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 400 336 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,35 0,42 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 5758 8131 psi
Crushing Strength 363 578 psi
Density 26 lbs/ft3
Hardness 397 lbs
Impact Strength 17 16 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3346 5547 psi
Shearing Strength 890 psi
Stiffness 939 1131 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 5 6 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.31 0.33
Weight 25 21 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 8 %

Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Work to Maximum Load = very low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Max. crushing strength = low
Bending strength (MOR) = very low

Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brown, H.P. and Panshin, A.J.,1940,Commercial Timbers of the United States Their structure, identification,,properties and uses,McGraw-Hill, LondonBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World: - No.7 North America,TRADAClifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonDallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. LondonForest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSOLittle, E.L.1980.The Audobon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Western Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Markwardt, L.J., Wilson, T.R.C.,1935,Strength and related properties of woods grown in the United States,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin,No.479McDonald, P.M.,1973,American Woods Incense Cedar,USDA, Forest Service American Woods FS-226Panshin, A.J. and C. deZeeuw. Textbook of Wood Technology. McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonU.S.D.A. Forest Service,1974,Wood Handbook,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Handbook,72USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook : Wood as an Engineering Material. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72.Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operators Manual, Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Western Wood Products Association. 19__.Softwoods of the Western USA.Published and Distributed by Western Wood Products Association, Yeon Building, 522 SW Fifth Avenue, Portland, Oregon.
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