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African walnutAfrican walnutAfrican walnutAfrican walnutAfrican walnut
African walnut (Lovoa trichiliodes)

Family: Meliaceae

Common names: African walnut, Alona wood, Anamenila, Apopo, Benin walnut, Bibolo, Bombulu, Congowood, Dibetou, Dubin biri, Embero, Eyan, Ghana walnut, Lifaki muindo, Lovoa, Lovoa wood, Mpengwa, Nigerian golden walnut, Nigerian walnut, Nivero, Noy

Distributed in: Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Zaire (Africa)

Distribution overview: This species occurs in Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, C￿d'Ivoire, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda and Zaire. African walnut occurs in evergreen and deciduous forests, preferring moist sites and tends to be gregarious. It shows a strong preference for acidic, base poor soil.

Common uses: Bedroom suites, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Living-room suites, Office furniture, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Stools, Tables , Turnery, Utility furniture, Veneer, Wardrobes

Product sources: Supplies are rather plentiful in both lumber and veneer forms, and prices are typically in the moderate range.The ITTO reports that the species is a regular source of timber which is exported frequently.

Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center

Tree size: Buttresses are usually small, and boles are clear and cylindrical for 60 to 90 feet (18 to 27 m) above buttresses

Colors: the heart isBrown, Yellowand the sapwoodOrange, Yellow.The grain isWith distinct light and dark bands, the textureUniformand the luster The wood is highly lustrous, almost sparkling

Natural durability: Durable, Very durable

Odor: No distinct taste

Kiln Schedules: Schedule E (4/4); United Kingdom

Drying Defects: Existing shakes tend to extend slightly during drying. Some distortion may also occur. Material containing heart-shakes may split during drying

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Comments: The species is NOT a true walnut, and its timber is reported to resemble that of African mahogany. Its strength properties are close to those of members in the true Walnut family. It is a medium-weight timber and is used primarily for decorative applications

Blunting Effect: The timber is reported to dull cutting edges slightly.

Boring: Use very sharp cutting edges to prevent grain from tearing Sharp cutting edges are necessary to maintain a good finish on end-grain

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Cross cutting is easy, with only slight tearing on bottom and back edges. The timber is reported to cut cleany with the grain in band sawing, but bottom edges may tear out when working against the grain

Gluing: Good gluing propeties

Moulding: Moulding qualities are generally good, but care is required to prevent pick-up in quartersawn material

Movement in Service: Moulding qualities are generally good, but care is required to prevent pick-up in quartersawn material

Nailing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult, Tends to split during nailing

Planing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Interlocked grain tends to affect most machining properties, but the wood works fairly easily, with very little waste during conversion. Planing is satisfactory, but a reduced cutting angle of 15 degrees has been recommended to prevent tearing

Resistance to Impregnation: The heartwood is very difficult to treat with preservatives, and the sapwood can be treated with moderate difficulty

Response to hand tools: Respond well to ordinary tools in carving, with moderate blunting effect on cutting edges Care is needed to avoid pick-up in quartersawn stock

Routing recessing: End-Grain material requires sharp cutting edges for best results

Veneering qualities: The timber is reported to slice into very attractive face veneers for plywood and decorative veneers for paneling, cabinets, and marquetry

Steam bending: Moderate The material is occasionally brittle

Screwing: Fair to Good Results, Fairly Easy to Very Easy; Turning: Turning properties are good, but it requires very sharp cutting edges for smooth surfaces

Painting: Priming or filling required for best; Polishing: The wood polishes to yield a smooth finish after filling ; Staining: Finish is generally satisfactory ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,36 0,46
Density 512 kg/m3
Bending Strength 536 778 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 285 462 kg/cm2
Hardness 417 kg
Impact Strength 76 63 cm
Shearing Strength 87 kg/cm2
Stiffness 78 98 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 689 512 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 7634 11079 psi
Density 32 lbs/ft3
Hardness 921 lbs
Impact Strength 30 25 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 4064 6576 psi
Shearing Strength 1250 psi
Stiffness 1111 1405 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.36 0.46
Weight 43 32 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 12 %


Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.HMSO.1981.Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition.Revised by R. H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.ITTO.1986.Tropical Timber Atlas, Volume 1 - Africa.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (CTFT, 45bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne Cedex, France.ITTO.1986.Tropical Timber Atlas, Volume 1 - Africa.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (CTFT, 45bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne Cedex, France. (Shrinkage data).Keay, R.W.J.1989. Trees of Nigeria.Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford.Kline, M. 1982. Lovoa trichilioides - Tigerwood. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co, Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 214-215.Lavers, G. M.1966. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50. Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
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