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Musizi (Maesopsis eminii)
Family: Rhamnaceae Common names: Aweru, Bo-ay-wreh, Bu-ay-wreh, Dzotrubo, Esenge, Essenge, Igilogbon, Maesopsis, Manasati, Masira, Mbarika, Muguruka, Muhongera, Muhumula, Muhunya, Musira, Musizi, Mutere, Ndunga, Nkangvele, Nsira, Omuhumula, Omuside, Onwa Distributed in: Angola, Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Fiji [Polynesia], Gabon, Ghana, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malaysia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia (Africa, Oceania and S.E. Asia) Distribution overview: Natural occurrence in a band across Africa from Kenya to Liberia between 8N and 6S where it is mainly found on the fringes of high forests in the ecozone between rainforest and savannah. It is an early successional species, adept at colonising dis- turbed areas in forests. Introduced to Southeast Asia and Central America. Within the area of natural distribution it is found in the lowlands and extending into submontane forest up to 1800 m altitude. In plantations it is normally planted in the lowland and grows best at altitudes from 600 to 900 m. Prefers mean annual rainfall of 1200-3600 mm and tolerates a dry season of up to 4 months. Prefers deep, well-drained soils but can grow on light soils if there is sufficient water. Common uses: Balusters, Bedroom suites, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Casks, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Core Stock, Decorative plywood, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory construction, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Handles: general, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Matches, Millwork, Mine timbers, Moldings, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: percussion, Office furniture, Packing cases, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Pulpwood, Turnery, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center
This species is very secure with very little threat to its survival in the immediate future in most areas in its range, including Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Kenya, and Uganda. Its status is currently listed as unknown because of insufficient information in Angola, Bioko, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, and Zaire
Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m
It develops short and blunt buttresses or root canals, and boles are usually straight and free of branches to about 60 feet (18 m). The size of the tree is reported to decrease from east to west across the range of the species. Trees growing in Nigeria are reported to to be rather small in size, and rarely reach a height of 50 feet (15 m)
Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Whitish.The grain isWavy, the textureResinous and oilyand the lusterPronounced
Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera), Susceptible to marine borer attack Odor: No specific smell or taste
LightInduced Color Change: Darker
Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm)
Drying Defects: Slight end splitting, Slight twist/warp Ease of Drying: Easy
Radial - 2.5%
Shrinkage from Green to 12% MC
Tangential - 4.0%
The timber dries fairly rapidly and very well.
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory The tree is liable to split during felling and in storage. The bark of the tree is used as a roofing material in the Congo region Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is mild Boring: Fairly easy to very easy Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
The material responds well to hand tools
Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy
The material saws rather easily
Gluing: Good gluing propeties Mortising: Support material during mortising to prevent chipping out at the tool exit Moulding: Good finishing Movement in Service: Good finishing Nailing: Good nailing properties, Holds satisfactorily Planing: Planes well, to a good finish Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is permeable Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Routing recessing: Routing is difficult Sanding:
The wood sands to yield a smooth finish
Steam bending: Very poor
Screwing: Good screw holding properties, Good screwing properties; Turning: Poor results
Painting:
The material is exceptionally difficult to paint, due to its absorbent nature and open texture
; Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Finish is generally satisfactory; Varnishing: Satisfactory;
Max. crushing strength = medium 0 Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Bending strength (MOR) = low 0 Hardness (side grain) = very soft 1 Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low 0 Hardness (side grain) = soft 0 Shrinkage, Tangential = small Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Radial = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Work to Maximum Load = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Max. crushing strength = low Toughness (total work) = very low Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Alston, A.S.,1982,Timbers of Fiji: Properties and potential uses,Fiji Forestry Department, SuvaAnanthanarayana, A.K., Kumar, P. and Sharma, S.N.,1986,Possibilities of utilization of some exotic species from plantations for,timber products,Van Vigyan Vol.24, Nos. 1 & 2, 21-24Ananthanrayana, A.K. and Jain, J.C.,1982,A Note on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Maesopsis eminii Engl.,(Musizi,Indian Forester 108:12, 741-746Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World No.1 Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesBryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Eggeling, W.J., Harris, C.M.,1939,Fifteen Uganda Timbers,Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire, Imperial Forestry,Institute, Oxford,Part 4Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaErfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOFiji Forestry Department,1981,The Properties and Uses of 43 Indigenous and Exotic Timbers,Fiji Forestry Department, Fiji Timbers and their Uses No.71Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1967,The Steam Bending Properties of various timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet,No.45Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38Fortin, Y., Poliquin, J.,1976,Natural Durability and Preservation of 100 Tropical African Woods,International Development Research Centre, CanadaFrance - C.T.F.T.,1973,Investigations and Tests carried out on Tropical Timber by several,Research Laboratories,CTFTGrant, D.K.S.,1934,Some Local Timbers,Tanzania Forest DepartmentHMSO.1981.Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition.Revised by R. H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonJay, B.A.,1968,Timbers of West Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesKloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Lavers, G. M.1966.The Strength Properties of Timbers.Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50.Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, LondonLavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Lee, Y.H., Lopez, D.T.,1968,The Machining Properties of some Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,3,pp194-210Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Organisation for European Economic Co-operation,1951,African Tropical Timber (Nomenclature, Description,OEECPatterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23Pieters, A.,1977,Essences Forestieres du Zaire,R.U.G. Gent BelguimPoynton, R.J.,1957,Notes on Exotic Forest Trees in South Africa (Second Edition, Revised,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.38Redding, L.W.,1958,The Resistance of Various Timbers to Impregnation,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Scientific and Industrial ResearchSmith, D.N.,1959,The Natural Durability of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Record,No.30Spalt, H.A., Stern, W.L.,1956,Survey of African woods 1,Tropical Woods,115(105,pp 13-38Spalt, H.A., Stern, W.L.,1959,Survey of Africa Woods 4,Tropical Woods 17(110) pp42-115Storrs, A.E.G.,1979,Know your Trees - Some of the Common Trees found in Zambia,Zambia Forestry Department, NdolaTack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer UgandaTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania Forest Division,1963,Maesopsis eminii (Musizi,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiTimber Information Assoc. Ltd.,1947,Notes on East African Timbers,TRADA, Timber Information, No.28Uganda Forest Department,1954,Musizi (Maesopsis eminii,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No.11Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1Uganda Forest Department,1969,The Shrinkage of Some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No.47WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.White, F.,1962,Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia,O.U.P. LondonWimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya |
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