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AroeiraAroeira
Aroeira (Astronium lecointei)

Family: Anacardiaceae

Common names: Almendro macho, Aroeira, Aroeira-do-sertao, Aroeira-legitima, Aroieroa, Bauwana, Bois de zebre, Bolaquiro, Goncalo-alvez, Guasango, Gusanero, Maracatiara, Muiracatiara, Muiracoatiara, Muiraquatiara, Pato de zamuro, Sanguesugueira, Satine rubane, Tiger wood

Distributed in: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela (Latin America)

Distribution overview: The northeastern area of the Amazon Basin in Brazil. May also be found in the western region of the Brazilian states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, and Sao Paulo, and south of Goias and Mato Grosso.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bows, Building construction, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Construction, Crossties, Decorative veneer, Exterior uses, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Millwork, Paneling , Poles, Railroad ties, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wainscotting

Product sources: The timber is rather plentiful within its growth range, but supplies, especially in lumber form, are very limited on the U.S. Market. When available it is priced in the expensive range. 1-inch (2.5 cm) thick boards are reported to cost about US$9.00 per board foot, and veneer for marquetry costs about US$1.25 per square foot (Source - Wood and Wood Magazine, August, 1995).

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m Narrow flanged buttresses that are about 4 to 6 feet (1.2 to 1.8 m) high. It develops well-formed cylindrical boles that are often clear for about two-thirds or more of the total height of the tree

Colors: the heart isPurple, Redand the sapwoodGrey, White.The grain isWavy, the textureMediumand the lusterMedium to dull luster

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Drying Defects: Distortion, Rapid air-drying may cause checking and warping

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Comments: Durable General finishing qualities are rated as good General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Lesser known species from Central and South America One of the most beautiful tropical woods Strong Suited primarily for construction and secondarily for fine furniture Tough

Boring: Twist drills should be avoided because they cause breakouts

Carving: Start with medium-cut burrs and progress to fine ones is recommended since coarse burrs tend to chip the wood

Cutting Resistance: Requires power tools with carbide-tipped blades and cutters to work

Gluing: Use glues with a longer open time, such as woodworker's white glue

Mortising: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Moulding: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Movement in Service: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Very high resistance to chemical impregnation

Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities

Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Sanding: Use a cabinet scraper and sanding with the grain for best results

Veneering qualities: Can sometimes be sliced into highly decorative veneers for paneling, Suitable for slicing

Steam bending: Unsuitable

Screwing: Very Good to Excellent Results, Very good screw holding qualities; Turning: Highly figured material requires care to prevent tearout

Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Polishes very easily ; Staining: Fairly Easy to Very Easy; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,62 0,69
Density 865 kg/m3
Bending Strength 992 1467 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 84 122 kg/cm2
Hardness 803 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 144 kg/cm2
Stiffness 146 168 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 8 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 1057 849 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,56 1,05 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 177 cm-kg
Static Bending 612 952 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 14112 20873 psi
Crushing Strength 1200 1742 psi
Density 54 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1771 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 7097 10831 psi
Shearing Strength 2060 psi
Static Bending 8712 13553 psi
Stiffness 2083 2396 1000 psi
Toughness 154 inch-lbs
Work to Maximum Load 8 15 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.62 0.69
Weight 66 53 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 8 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 11 %

Bending strength (MOR) = high
Max. crushing strength = high
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Very high density
Very heavy
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Hard
Does not marr or dent easily
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
It is far superior in strength to either Teak or Hard maple. It is hard - harder than Teak,

Brazil -, I.B.D.F.,1980,Woods from Tucurui - characteristics and application,The Ag. Ministry Brazilian Institute for Forest DevelopmentBrazil-Ministerio do Interior,1979,Pesquisas e Informac￿ces sobre especies florestais da Amazonia,Dept. de Recuros Naturais Centro de Tecnologia MadeireiraChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme. 1990. Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America. International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-marne, CEDEX, France.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentKribbs, D.A. 1959. Commercial Foreign Woods on the American Market. Buckhout Lab., Dept. of Botany, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.Loureiro, A.A., Freitas da Silva, M.,1968,Catalogo das Madeiras da Amazonia (2 vols,Min. do Ultramar Belem BrasilSimpson, W.T. and J.A. Sagoe. 1991. Relative Drying Times of 650 Tropical Woods : Estimation by Green Moisture Content, Specific Gravity, and Green Weight Density.United States Department of Agriculture (USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-71, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Teixeira, D. E., M. A. E. Santana and M. Rabelo de Souza.1988. Amazonian Timbers for the International Market.ITTO Technical Series 1.Brazilian Institute for Forestry Development, Brazil.Wangaard, F.F., W.L. Stern, and S.L. Goodrich. 1955. Tropical Woods - Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods, Volume V, No. 103. School of Forestry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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