European plane (Platanus hybrida)
Family: Platanaceae
Common names: English plane, European plane, French plane, Lacewood, London plane, Platane
Distributed in: France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom (Mediterranean Sea Region, Western Europe)
Distribution overview: The natural growth range of in Europe, and includes the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Italy, and surrounding countries. It is highly tolerant of poor growing conditions such as polluted air and restricted root space, and has survived as a very successful street plant in London and other large cities of southern England.
Common uses: Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Cigar boxes, Decorative veneer, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture, Inlay work, Joinery, Paneling , Paneling, Veneer, Veneer: decorative
Environment profile: Environmental status not officially assessed
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterLustrous
Natural durability: Very little natural resistance to decay in ground contact , Vulnerable to attack by furniture beetle
Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5
Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly
Drying Defects: Splitting is less serious than distortion during drying , Tangential shrinkage may be 9%
Ease of Drying: Slowly
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good
Blunting Effect: Moderate dulling effect on cutting edges
Boring: Boring, mortising, and other machining properties are generally satisfactory
Cutting Resistance: Slight tendency for saws to bind
Gluing: Glues well
Mortising: Moderately easy to mortise
Moulding: Satisfactory moulding
Movement in Service: Satisfactory moulding
Nailing: Good nailing characteristics, Holds nails well
Planing: Satisfactory machining properties
Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood
Response to hand tools: Responds well to hand tools
Veneering qualities: Suitable for slicing, Suitable for veneer manufacturing
Steam bending: Very good steam bending qualities
Turning: Good results
Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
|
0,59 |
|
Density |
|
624 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
511 |
761 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
246 |
415 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
426 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
55 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
93 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
74 |
90 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
6 |
|
% |
Weight |
624 |
608 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
0,49 |
0,7 |
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
192 |
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
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kg/cm2 |
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| | | | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 7278 | 10833 | psi | Density | | 39 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 940 | lbs | Impact Strength | | 22 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 3501 | 5909 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 1323 | psi | Stiffness | 1060 | 1291 | 1000 psi | Toughness | | 167 | inch-lbs | Work to Maximum Load | 7 | 10 | inch-lbs/in3 | Specific Gravity | | 0.59 | | Weight | 39 | 38 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 6 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 10 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Max. crushing strength = low Hardness (side grain) = very soft Work to Maximum Load Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Toughness (total work) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Low stiffness High in density Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 6 Europe,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOHMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.HMSO. 1985. Broadleaves. Forestry Commission Booklet No. 20. Text by H.E. Edlin. Revised by A.F. Mitchell. Forestry Commission, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lavers, G.M. 1967. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50 (Spersedes Bulletin No. 45). Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc. Fresno, California.Patterson, D. 1988. Commercial Timbers of the World. Fifth Edition. Gower Technical Press, Aldershot, UK. ix + 339 pp.Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressT.D.A.,1942,Timber Leaflet - No.68 Plane,TRADA Timber Leaflet
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