Tualang (Koompassia excelsa)
Family: Leguminosae
Common names: GinooKayu rajaKayu rajahMangarisManggisMengarisMenggerisRaja kayuTapangTualangYuan
Distributed in: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand (Oceania and S.E. Asia)
Distribution overview: Southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, north-eastern Sumatra, Borneo and Palawan. Grows in primary tropical rainforest usually along rivers, in valleys and lower slopes of hills, locally abundant. A common but usually not very abundant species. Solitary trees standing alone in the open are encountered comparatively often because they are difficult to cut and because local people harvest honey from the tree crowns.
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chairs, Charcoal, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Crossties, Desks, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Heavy construction, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: strings, Paneling, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Rustic furniture, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Stools, Structural work, Tables , Tables, Turnery, Utility furniture, Utility poles, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative, Walking sticks, Wardrobes
Environment profile: Likely rare in many parts of its natural habitat
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodYellow, Yellow/Brown .The grain isStriped figure, the textureMedium coarse to coarseand the lusterSlightly lustrous
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Susceptible to termite attack
Odor: No specific smell or taste
Silica Content:
Ilica Content
Some sources report a silica content of 0.28% by weight (ovendry).
LightInduced Color Change: Darker
Kiln Schedules: Dry at a slow speed
Kiln Drying Rate: Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast
Drying Defects: Slight end splitting, Slight surface checking
Ease of Drying: Some tendency to warp and split
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Logs are sinkers, and are reported to shatter frequently on falling because of their size. The tree is seldom harvested for timber because it is very heavy and develops very high buttresses. The wood also lacks natural durability, is difficult to work, and liable to split, factors which make it less desirable than other local timbers than can be used for similar purposes.Reaction with Metals - Moist wood is reported to stain black when it comes in contact with iron and iron compounds.
Blunting Effect: Timber requires special tipped cutters to saw
Boring: Moderately easy
Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw
Gluing: Difficult to glue
Difficult to glue, especially with urea formaldehyde adhesives.
Mortising:
Mortising characteristics are generally good although the wood is hard and tough
Moulding: Good finishing
Movement in Service: Good finishing
Nailing: Easy to nail, Holds nails well
Planing: Planes well, to a good finish
Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable
Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities
Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, Suitable for slicing
Screwing:
Requires special screws since damp wood is reported to stain black in the presence of iron and iron compounds
; Turning: Poor results
Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Reacts with Iron to discolour wood;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
0,65 |
0,75 |
|
Density |
|
865 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
860 |
1145 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
71 |
80 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
879 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
91 |
109 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
164 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
154 |
171 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
7 |
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
45 |
|
% |
Weight |
849 |
817 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
0,77 |
1,05 |
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
619 |
714 |
kg/cm2 |
|
| | | | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 12239 | 16287 | psi | Crushing Strength | 1024 | 1146 | psi | Density | | 54 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 1938 | lbs | Impact Strength | 36 | 43 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 7209 | 9346 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 2340 | psi | Static Bending | 8811 | 10169 | psi | Stiffness | 2194 | 2446 | 1000 psi | Work to Maximum Load | 11 | 15 | inch-lbs/in3 | Specific Gravity | 0.65 | 0.75 | | Weight | 53 | 51 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 4.5 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % | Volumetric Shrinkage | 12 | | % | |
Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 53 - 60 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Hardness (side grain) = hard Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Bending strength (MOR) = high
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